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R. HATCEMAN.

COOKING STVE.

No. 245,630. Patented Aug. 16,1881.

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R. HATGHMAN.

GOOKING STOVE.

Patented Aug. 16, 18 81.

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Parent ROBERT HATOHMAN, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO\\THE DETROIT STOVE WORKS, OF SAME PLACE.

COOKING-STOVE.

SPECIFICATIONIforming part of Letters Patent No. 245,630, d'ated August 16, 1881.

Application filed April 1G, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Beit known that I, ROBERT HATGIMAN, of Detroit, county of Wayne, State of Michigan, have invented. a new and useful Improvement in Cooking-Stoves; and I declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains ,to make and use it, reference being had to the accompany- Io ing drawings, which forni a part of this specification.

My invention relates to means for relieving the stove-lids from excessive heat, and for providing a hot-air draft downward from the lids I5 to the grate or fire-place, or upward from the base of the stove to its top, as desired.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a stove embodying my improvement. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section of the same as adaptzo ed for wood-stoves. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section illustrating a variation in which the improvement is adapted to a coal-stove. Fig. 4 illustrates the two registers connected, and so arranged that the act of opening one closes the other.

'A is a stove-top, with lids A and center pieces A2. B is the fire-back; C, the grate or fuel-bed, and D the ash-pit.

Great difficulty has been experienced owing 3o to the warping of the lids and center pieces, the burnin g out of the fire-backs, and useless loss of heat due to the employment of a coldair draft.

It is the object of these improvements to 3 5 overcome these difficulties. To this end I make the lids and center pieces hollow, or in the form of an upper and lower plate fastened together so as to leave an air-space, c, between them open onlythrough thetop. Theair-spaces 4o communicate with each other, as shown by the dotted lines in Fig. 1, and they all terminate in a descending line, a', whose walls serve the double purpose of supporting the middle portion of the stove-top and connecting with the air-space a2 between the fire-back an d the ovenplate, causing the said space to become a part of the air-flue. Suitable confining-walls continue the flue to the point D', where I provide a suitable register.

5o The operation of this part of the device is as follows: The fuel may or may not be started by a direct draft, as usual, from the front of the stove, but when under way all that draftis shut off and the register D is opened. This will cause a current of air to pass down through the lids and their connecting-fines a a a2, and discharge beneath the fuel through the regis ter D, and this air will .become thoroughly heated on the way down, so as to constitute a hot-air draft. The air also serves to prevent 6o the covers and center pieces from getting too hot and warping, and assists in preserving the lire-back.

I provide an air-register, D2, at or near thebottom ofthe stove,whereby, when the register D is closed, a current of cold air may be admitted at the bottom, passing thence upward through the lids and center plates. This register Dz may be independent, or it may be connected with the register D, as shown in Fig. 4:, or in 7o other suitable manner, so that as the latter is closed the register D2 will open, and vice versa. This arrangement provides a draft in one direction or the other at all times through the lids and fire-back.

It is not essential that the iiues sha-ll be arranged precisely as shown, for they may be considerably varied and yet accomplish the essential objects-viz., a hot draft down from the top of the stove, and a reverse current 8o when the hot draft is not in use.

In Fig. 2 the device is adapted for a woodstove, there being simply a fuel-bed, C', and a grated front, O, and the air can be delivered as shown; but when the device is applied to a coal-stove, as in Fig. 3, the grate C extends well back, as usual, and space is left below to clean it of ashes. In this case I prefer, as shown, to deliver the air into the ash-pit.

In employing the term lids in the claims 9o I would have it understood as embracing any of the top pieces which it is desired thus to protect against warping, and the ues maybe located in the covers alone, or in the center pieces, or both.

I am aware that it is not new to combine in a stove the lids provided with air-fines, a descending air-due com municating therewith and forming a iiat air-space between the fire-back and oven-plate, and a register at the base comroo muuicating from said iiue with the air-space under the grate, whereby air entering through the lids is caused to pass down, is heated and discharged as ahot-air draft to the fuel through the grate7 and l do not claim such construction,

broadly.

What I claim isl. The combination, in a stove, of lids provided with air-nues, a descending air-flue communicating therewith7 a register at the base communicating with the grate, and another register opening to the outer air at or near the base of the stove, whereby provision is made for a hot-air draft at the grate, or an upward cold-air current from the base of the stove, substantially as described.

2. The combination, with the lid-dues and descending ue, of a register at the base communicatin g with the grate, and an external airregister at or near the base of the stove, the two registers connected so that one shall open as the other is closed, substantially as described.

In testimony Whcreofl sign this specitication zo in the presence of two Witnesses.

ROBERT HATGHMAN.

Witnesses:

WM. M. PORTER, HENRY F. QUELCH. 

